When in 1985 created the National Drug Plan, the map of the care of drug addicts in our country was a virtual wasteland. Nearly two decades later, we can speak of a dense and dynamic health care network in which, with the asymmetries that can be imagined, most people with problems of drug abuse are an appropriate response to their needs. The drug abusers have in common their dependence on psychoactive substances, but they differ on everything else. His biography, his family, his personality and, ultimately, all those personal and social factors related to their addiction, are quite unique. Hence, in the process of reversing its dependency, the therapeutic route to follow is to be particular. In response to this evidence, it now has a wide array of health care resources and diverse, offering each person the services your precise situation, both in terms of pharmacological and psychological, social.

In this process of adjustment of operations to the multiple realities of drug abuse in the nineties began widespread throughout Europe initiatives generically known as “risk reduction and harm.” Intervention strategies aimed at minimizing the main adverse effects of drug abuse in people who are not asked to abandon their use, or that after several unsuccessful attempts, do not feel motivated to do it again. Prescribing methadone, needle exchange, consumption toilet rooms, etc. are some of those proposals that have been making its way into the battery of interventions with drug abuse. Both will form a response action which is conducive to care abandonment of drugs among those who wish it, and less risky forms of consumption among others.

Currently, in Spain are cared for his illicit drug problems around 50,000 people. Although heroin remains the substance that drives the largest number of treatment demands, has been losing weight compared with cocaine and cannabis substances, despite enjoying the best reputation, account for 34% and 17%, respectively, of new treatments, with sustained growth in recent years. Increases that, in the case of cocaine, are also reflected in medical emergencies related to drug abuse. Draw a situation which, in relation to cannabis, follows a similar course in the European Union. The new demands of care (people who had not sought treatment earlier) in the EU motivated by the use of cannabis has risen from just under 10% of the total in 1996 to 24.7% in 2001. An evolution that require considerable amount of research and creativity in coming years.

It can only recognize the positive development of therapeutic care in our country, and considerable human suffering that is helping to reduce. But the consolidation of this network of care highlights the need for a more determined commitment to prevention. Facing the ignorance of some decades ago, today there is considerable evidence about the effectiveness of prevention in its goal of reducing the number of people who are initiated into drug use or at least delaying the age of home in such consumption. We also have economic studies that show the economic efficiency of investments in preventive policies. Public policies that strengthen prevention avoid considerable amounts of personal and social discomfort, and allow for savings that, in these times of threats to the welfare state, could be used more efficiently. A more resolute preventive engagement by institutions help reduce the number of people who venture into problematic drug use. The increased regular consumption of cannabis among adolescents of 14-18 years, more than ten points in ten years to stand at 22% now, and slightly lower increase in cocaine use (3.1% of regular users in the age above), are not exactly good news. They talk about gaps in preventive policies which could lead to having an impact in the coming years. Now that United Nations reminds us with the theme chosen to commemorate the International Day against Drug Abuse that treatment works, it is good opportunity to continue to stress the importance of prevention and commitment to the future. Significance that, although few institutions argue, not always accompanied by stable policies and rigorous enough.

The definition of addiction implies the use of a toxic addictive properties, which generate a dependency in patients. Represents one of the most important health problems worldwide. Addictions to alcohol and snuff affect millions of people, being the direct cause of death of nearly 65 percent of neoplastic diseases and more than 50 percent of mortality from accidents. Considering that accidents and tumor diseases are among the main causes of global mortality, we can say a high number of deaths is directly caused by alcohol and snuff.

The toxic addictive capacity of each is variable and the social acceptance of any of them, so that cessation programs should have specific designs. The involvement of the health system and legislation are essential when developing health programs aimed at these patients. With the advent of the AIDS virus epidemic in the last ten years have concentrated a large amount of health resources to programs for the reintegration of addicts injecting drugs, with initial results encouraging. Moreover, health authorities and policies have sensitized the population about the problems of smoking, high impact campaigns in the general population. Therefore, action is needed health, social and employment policy to prevent toxic as opiates, cocaine, alcohol or snuff, with special emphasis on youth and adolescents, as they are the most susceptible population group.

Cocaine abuse during pregnancy can affect seriously and in different ways, the baby in the womb. Just as marijuana, cocaine can cause a baby with low weight. This is mainly due to the fact that cocaine produces an increase risk of miscarriage, premature onset of labor and also causes poor growth in babies. Unlike normal-weight babies, babies who have a small birth weight are more likely to die within their first month of life. They are also more prone to disabilities such as cerebral palsy and developmental disabilities.

Here are some other effects produced by cocaine on babies:

• Imperfections of the urinary system
• Imperfections of the heart
• Irreversible brain damage
• Reduced motor skills
• Feeding difficulties
• Sleep Disorders
• Even death

In the early ’70s, the New York State implements a policy of zero tolerance against drugs. The most repressive of all the U.S.  Mere possession of an illegal substance was punishable by imprisonment up to 25 years for heroin. At the time, using a speech warrior and authoritarian, they wanted above all to obtain the support of public opinion instead of listening to what had to tell the players on the field. They had already noted the futility of such a crackdown and sentenced relentless police to consumers. One way they think, to maintain the cycle of violence, promoting underground while wasting many resources. Alarmed by this turn of events, the National Police and Criminal Justice ordered an investigation.

The report filed and signed by the hands of researchers and Gropper Richardson would be a very compromising . Not only the punitive measures had not produced the desired results, but the bill for taxpayers was more than 100 million dollars. Add to that a justice system clogged and paralyzed by attorneys who judged the sentences to their clients far too severe. It took until 1976 to see the government in New York back in the record and acknowledge his mistakes. Of course, it is here that a drop in the ocean because every day millions of people from all strata of society are the direct victims of this war that generates multiple disorders.

WHO says: “Drug” is any substance which, introduced into the body through any route of administration, produces a somewhat altered from the natural functioning of the central nervous system of the individual and is also likely to create dependence, either psychological, physical or both.

Proper understanding of this definition tells us a lot about drugs:

Substances. Drugs are substances, which excludes the “drug addiction” behaviors such as compulsive gambling, watching too much television, video games, etc.. These behaviors of dependency or addiction are not set with a substance or drug.

All … Both the legal and illegal: the legal approach is not valid towards prevention. In fact, the most consumed drugs in our society that cause most problems are the snuff and alcohol permitted for use.

Any route of administration. It does not specify the route, then be ingested drugs such as alcohol and drugs, either as snuff and smoked marijuana, others can be given by intravenous (injected), and some can also be sucked into the nose etc..

You can alter in any way the central nervous system. The alterations that drugs can cause are varied: Exciting (as do the drugs classified as stimulants); reassure or placate eliminate pain (as do drugs classified as depressants); cause perceptual disturbances of varying intensity (eg hallucinogenic drugs called).

They are likely to create dependency and psychological, physical or both. All drugs can cause psychological dependence and / or physical. According to the type of substance, frequency of use and retention time.

However, drug abuse prevention should take place from the beginning, at a certain age, working on awareness of abuse of other products such as candy and some medicines, snuff and alcohol later on. To achieve the ultimate goal to avoid the potentially psychoactive substance abuse.

In short: drugs are different and therefore different are both the reasons for that are used and their effects, risks or consequences of its consumption.

When you define Drugs?

The simple definition is not enough drug for the purposes of a comprehensive prevention therefore try to understand the ways in which individuals relate to these substances and according to this relationship, which is always determined by the sociocultural context, we can understand what is what makes a substance at certain times is considered “drugs” and others, through ignorance or conformity is excluded from the attention.

In order to draw us to this more comprehensive understanding can be classified from a social perspective on Substances that are in accordance with the WHO definition.

In France, 8% of students and school children aged between 16 and 20 are regular users of drugs in 1986. Pakistan, there are 2.2 million heroin addicts (government figures). Morocco has not escaped this global trend, although the situation is less dramatic than other countries, industrialized or developing.
Nevertheless, the past fifteen years the use and abuse of drugs have experienced a resurgence. A study nationally, recently conducted under the auspices of the Ministry of Health in schools and universities showed that the frequency of smoking at some point of life is 21%, that of cannabis (kif , hashish) is 8.7%. In psychiatric hospitals, 10% of hospitalizations are directly related to the consequences of drugs. In academia, 20% of students have been in contact with drugs, including 3 to 5% on a regular basis. Moreover, if drug users were recruited mainly in males, the trend is the increase in the female. The use of heroin and cocaine is increasingly found in larger cities, particularly in the north.

The brain is a complex machine, the various products act in different ways, altering various functions. The cholinergic, for example, act on receptors of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter known for his role in memory. Piracetam is the most famous and oldest of these products. Another product of this family, the Donepezil is generally used to mitigate the effects of Alzheimer’s disease. It can also act on dopamine, which manages, among others, concentration, pleasure and motivation. Among the many ingredients that can increase the level of this valuable drug, we mention one found naturally in tea, L-Theanine, which acts on stress levels and increases the ability to concentrate.

The comprehensive review included several steps, including:

• A comprehensive review of publications in the field of addiction research methods of evaluation, relevant work and research on addiction among First Nations and Inuit
• Interviews with representatives from First Nations and Health Canada to determine what the greatest concerns among the stakeholders NNADAP
• The collection of statistical data on the frequency base regarding the abuse of alcohol and substance in indigenous communities, based on responses to a questionnaire distributed to health workers and leaders of First Nations and Inuit.

Postobservation activities, aimed at preventing the recurrence of problems with alcohol and drugs:

* Counseling
* Circles sharing
* Support Groups
* Crisis Intervention
* Support visits
* Visits awareness
* Referral to treatment
* Referral to a detoxification service
* Referrals to social services
* Referrals to medical services
* Referrals to services offered by the band.

Prevention activities, which aim to prevent the emergence of serious problems caused by alcohol and other drugs:

• Campaigns to raise public awareness
• Public Meetings
• Oral Communications
• Development of educational materials on alcohol and drugs
• Curriculum
• Working with the media
• Activities of a cultural or spiritual.